Understanding the importance of autophagy in human diseases using Drosophila

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Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári Krt. 62., Szeged, H-6726, Hungary
b.
Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Sétány 1/C, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary

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Corresponding author: E-mail address: szmrt@elte.hu (Gábor Juhász)

These authors contributed equally to this work.

摘要

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Abstract: Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent intracellular degradation pathway that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various human diseases, either positively or negatively impacting disease outcomes depending on the specific context. The majority of medical conditions including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, infections and immune system disorders and inflammatory bowel disease could probably benefit from therapeutic modulation of the autophagy machinery. Drosophila represents an excellent model animal to study disease mechanisms thanks to its sophisticated genetic toolkit, and the conservation of human disease genes and autophagic processes. Here, we provide an overview of the various autophagy pathways observed both in flies and human cells (macroautophagy, microautophagy and chaperone-mediated autophagy), and discuss Drosophila models of the above-mentioned diseases where fly research has already helped to understand how defects in autophagy genes and pathways contribute to the relevant pathomechanisms.
- Neurodegeneration /
- Alzheimer's disease /
- Parkinson's disease /
- Cancer /
- Inflammatory bowel disease /
- Autophagy
These authors contributed equally to this work.
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